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OR To shorten the name list, enter 2 or more letters of any part of a name in the box below. Colleen Pontes, whose father Kevin Joyce was added in 2003, remembered the rush of emotions she felt as she and her brother watched their dads name being inscribed in the granite. The human costs of the long conflict were harsh for all involved. Johnson raised the number of South Vietnam deployments to 23,000 U.S. soldiers by the end of his first year in office. [6], A 2008 study by the BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal) came up with a higher toll of 3,812,000 dead in Vietnam between 19552002. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963, but his successor, Lyndon B. Johnson, continued the work that Kennedy had started. [40][37] Sometimes civilian casualties from airstrikes or artillery barrages against villages were reported as "enemies killed". My Lai (4) and My Khe (4) (collectively the My Lai Massacre) claimed the largest number of victims with 420 and 90 respectively, and in five other places a total of about 100 civilians were executed. To put a circle around the symbol beside their names would not provide the correct historical context related to their situation. The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. Researchers should also contact the Marine Corps Archives & Special Collections at, Marine Corps Archives and Special Collections Accurate assessments of PAVN/VC losses, he wrote, were 'largely impossible due to lack of disclosure by the Vietnamese government, terrain, destruction of remains by firepower, and [inability] to confirm artillery and aerial kills.' The Army as a branch had 134,982 killed or wounded (9.5 percent), but the Marines suffered 66,227 killed or wounded (22.5 percent) or almost one of every four Marines who served. Eight Women's Names Are Among the Thousands on the Vietnam Memorial Wall. Unfortunately, he mistakenly added a small number of names of men who were still alive. Under the cover of monsoon rains the Vietcong (VC) 409th Battalion attacked the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines at Firebase Ross with mortars and sappers . In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 19671972. Kirby on June 8, 1968 and Lanny on October 14, 1969 Brothers Jerry and Joseph Hailey were both killed in Vietnam. The Vietnam Conflict Extract Data File of the Defense Casualty Analysis System (DCAS) Extract Files contains records of 58,220 U.S. military fatal casualties of the Vietnam War. However, there have been no such cases. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. has the names listed in chronological order by date of loss. [14], German historian Bernd Greiner mentions the following war crimes reported and/or investigated by the Peers Commission and the Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, among other sources:[43]. Neighbouring Laos and Cambodia similarly fell to communists. [52] According to a study conducted in 1968 by a Quaker-funded Vietnamese-speaking American couple, Diane and Michael Jones, there were at least 12 mass killings committed by South Korean forces that approached the scale of the My Lai Massacre, with reports of thousands of routine murders of civilians, primarily the elderly, women and children. Soldiers, one wounded and being carried by a colleague, walking down Hill Timothy, during the conflict in Vietnam. [33][34] The United States government has challenged these figures as being unreliable. He estimates that between 30 and 46% of the total war deaths were civilians. Seven massacres officially confirmed by the American side. The Vietnamese newspaper Nhn Dn reported in 2012 that the U.S. government was providing $41 million to the project, which aimed to reduce the contamination level in 73,000 m of soil by late 2016. Chapter 17 index: "Communists provided further corroboration of the proximity of their casualty figures to American figures in a postwar disclosure of total losses from 1960 to 1975. In some instances, names needed to be shuffled in order to fit on a line. When he later read the official tally of dead, he found that it listed them as 130 VC killed. [2], Guenter Lewy in 1978 estimated 1,353,000 total deaths in North and South Vietnam during the period 19651974 in which the U.S. was most engaged in the war. 1:50. The officially-reported numbers and categories below cover American Vietnam War deaths by age group, branch of service, service component, type of death, reason for death, race, religion, sex, state/protectorate and deaths by war year (including post-war). : 325 6 January. Subscribe to this website and receive notification each time a free genealogy resource is newly published. The goal was to collect at least one photograph of each of the 58,281 Vietnam War service members whose names are inscribed on the Wall began in 2001. DADEVILLE, Ala. (WSFA) - Four teens are dead and 28 were injured after a sweet-16 birthday party ended in gunfire Saturday night. If a person died or went missing in those areas, DoD considered that individual to be a combat zone casualty and eligible for inclusion on the Wall. USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration I asked if he wanted to see his picture, Reckinger said. Vietnam's government claimed that 400,000 people were killed or maimed as a result of after effects, and that 500,000 children were born with birth defects. [62] According to the Vice Minister Nguyn B Hoan, in 2022, nearly 200,000 PAVN/VC were still MIA (whose bodies were have not been found), and 300,000 whose bodies have been found, but buried anonymously and never identified. The costs and casualties of the growing war proved too much for the United States to bear, and U.S. combat units were withdrawn by 1973. Legacy of Hamburger . In 1976, the Vietnamese government organized Gathering Teams to find the remains of dead soldiers. Those designated by a plus sign were considered to be missing in action when the war ended. [21] During the peak war years, another scholar Guenter Lewy attributed almost a third of civilian deaths to the VC. The nation's latest mass shooting happened in Dadeville, Alabama . He estimated that victims of democide (deliberate killing of civilians) included 214,000 by North Vietnam/VC and 98,000 by South Vietnam and its allies. Per war: 191,605 deaths in the First Indochina War, 849,018 deaths in the Second Indochina War (Vietnam War), and 105,627 deaths in the Third Indochina War. He did so after a chance encounter at a VVMF event that brings a smaller replica of The Wall to communities across America. The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial bombing and ground fighting. The 2nd Marine Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Binh Tai Massacre on 9 October 1966. Two people were killed and four others were wounded after gunfire erupted at Chickasaw Park in Louisville on Saturday night, authorities said. for records of U.S. Army casualties documenting the period 1961-1981. The west wall is on the left when standing facing the vertex, and the east wall is to the right. [48] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Bnh Ha massacre. [35], For official US military operations reports, there was no established distinctions between enemy KIA and civilian KIA. One escapee died of wounds sustained during his rescue 15 days later. Some have tried for years before receiving approval from DoD. [11], Author Mark Woodruff noted that when the Vietnamese Government finally revealed its estimated losses (in April 1995) as being 1.1 million dead or missing, U.S body count figures had actually underestimated enemy losses. Learn more about featured topics of the Vietnam War and Vietnam Era. In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance. The panel number is a number/letter combination, such as 10W or 35E. 31, 1973 See image 154; Register of Vietnam War casualties from Kentucky; Directory of United States prisoners of war and missing in action as a result of the Vietnam War Kinston, North Carolina : Last Firebase Veterans Archive Project . Pentagon statistics listed 39,000 and 61,000 PRG/DRV dead for the same time period.". Genealogy of the descendants of John Walker of Wigton, Scotland, Genealogy of John Howe of Sudbury and Marlborough, Massachusetts, Ezekiel Cheever and some of his Descendants, Early Records and Notes of the Brown Family, Somerville High School Yearbooks 1892-2016. But it was still missing this until now. Between October 1966 and June 1969, 246,000 soldiers were recruited through Project 100,000, of whom 41% were black; black people only made up about 11% of the population of the US. 2040 Broadway Street Textual documents relating to the Vietnam conflict are spread across several record groups (RGs). [5], In 1995, the Vietnamese government released its estimate of war deaths for the more lengthy period of 195575. And they are so respectful when they do the engraving. We were tickled to death," Raymond Klug told Milkovits. "The Vietnam Wars." Lewy reduced the number of Viet Cong (VC) and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) battle deaths claimed by the U.S. by 30 percent (in accordance with the opinion of United States Department of Defense officials), and assumed that one third of the reported battle deaths of the PAVN/VC may have actually been civilians. [36][37][41] All individuals killed in declared free-fire zones, combatants or not, were considered enemy killed in action by US forces . During and after the Vietnam War, the Department of Defense (DoD) compiled a list of combat zone casualties according to criteria in a 1965 Presidential Executive Order. [101], Agent Orange and similar chemical defoliants have also caused a considerable number of deaths and injuries over the years, including among the US Air Force crew that handled them. Operational Archives Branch Moyar, Mark. [98], Unexploded ordnance continue to detonate and kill people today. [91] Around 3035% of American deaths in the war were non-combat or friendly fire deaths; the largest causes of death in the U.S. armed forces were small arms fire (31.8%), booby traps including mines and frags (27.4%), and aircraft crashes (14.7%). Others think it is just another tourist stop until they feel the haunting power of this unique work of remembrance. In 1975 South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North. U.S. casualties were listed as 72 killed and 372 wounded. Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent. The gun had been randomly lobbing in rounds for over a week and was hidden in an abandoned FSB nearby.Two of our six 105mm howitzer crews took direct hits during a night mortar attack. On the west wall, the symbol precedes the name; on the east wall, the symbol follows the name. Their estimates for conflict deaths in Vietnam are 164,923 from 195564 and 1,458,050 from 196575 for a total of 1,622,973. A 1975 US Senate subcommittee estimated around 1.4 million civilian casualties in South Vietnam because of the war, including 415,000 deaths. After looking at his friend on the Wall of Faces, he had one sentence for me: I forgot what he looked like.. Commander George L. Jackson said, "In response to this criticism, the Department of Defense took steps to readjust force levels in order to achieve an equitable proportion and employment of Negroes in Vietnam." [73][74], Historian Christian Appy states "search and destroy was the principal tactic; and the enemy body count was the primary measure of progress" in the US strategy of attrition. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. [58] According to Guenter Lewy, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war. Washington Navy Yard He further suggests that 222,000 civilians may have been counted as enemy military deaths by the U.S. in compiling its "body count" raising the total to 627,000 killed. These numbers do not include civilian and State of Vietnam/ARVN military deaths result from the communist collectivization and land reform in North Vietnam and mass-internment, the refugee crisis and subsequent exodus of Vietnamese people after the Fall of Saigon. A wounded U.S. paratrooper grimaces in pain as he awaits medical evacuation at base camp in the A Shau Valley near the Laos border in South Vietnam on May 19, 1969 during the Vietnam War. Another challenge was ensuring the accuracy of the names. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Unit histories and supporting documents of Air Force units are in the custody of the Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL. Estimates can include both civilian and military deaths in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. VVMF receives numerous requests each year from individuals who wish to have particular names added to the Memorial. Our 9 best-selling history titles feature in-depth storytelling and iconic imagery to engage and inform on the people, the wars, and the events that shaped America and the world. Their names, however, have been removed from the printed Directory of Names. LOUISVILLE, Ky. Two people were killed and four others injured in Louisville, Kentucky, when someone shot into a crowd at a park on Saturday evening, the city's second mass shooting of . On the other end of that phone call was an former Air Force officer who had served in Vietnam. Several hundred such designation changes have been made since the Wall was built in 1982. [46], The ROK Capital Division reportedly perpetrated the Bnh An/Ty Vinh massacre in February/March 1966. The 'shameful gamesmanship' practiced by 'certain reporting elements' under pressure to 'produce results' also shrouded the process. State Lists of U. S. Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War Electronic Data Records Relating to Military Objectives and Activities During the Vietnam War Search Selected Vietnam War Electronic Records, through the Access to Archival Databases (AAD) Textual Records Relating to the Vietnam War When the Wall was dedicated in 1982, there were 57,939 names inscribed. Zita is the editor of both Military History Quarterly and Vietnam Magazine. Her areas of interest include the Vietnam War and World Wars I and II, with a focus on Great Britain, Germany and Eastern Europe. [77] Additionally, according to the U.S. military, they also lost up to 101,511 personnel as defectors due to the Chieu Hoi program,[78] but one analyst speculates that less than 25% of those were genuine. [72], The Phoenix Program, a counterinsurgency program executed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States special operations forces, and the Republic of Vietnam's security apparatus, killed 26,369 suspected of being VC operatives and informants. I am proud of my work with this project and will never forget this time in my life.. I went through the whole list of names eight times, because I was concerned about the correct formatting, remembered Doubek. It specified the geographic areas of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and surrounding coastal areas as combat zones. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the worlds largest publisher of history magazines. The killed in action figure comes from "Special Subject 4: The Work of Locating and Recovering the Remains of Martyrs From Now Until 2020 And Later Years," downloaded from the Vietnamese government website datafile on 1 December 2017. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Association between Agent Orange and birth defects: systematic review and meta-analysis", "The History, Toxicity and Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects Related to the Use of Agent Orange", http://ls-tlss.ucl.ac.uk/course-materials/POLS6016_65225, Story of Tiger Force atrocities had to be told, "On War extra Vietnam's massacre survivors", Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda, "Anatomy of US and South Korean Massacres in the Vietnamese Year of the Monkey, 1968 | Japan Focus", "VIETNAM KILLINGS LAID TO KOREANS (Published 1970)", "The 'forgotten' My Lai: South Korea's Vietnam War massacres", "Citizens' court to investigate Vietnam War atrocities committed by South Korean troops", "Chuyn 4 CNG TC TM KIM, QUY TP HI CT LIT S T NAY N NM 2020 V NHNG NM TIP THEO, datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/Qun%20l%20ch%20o/Chuyn%20%204.doc", "Lost Souls: The Search for Vietnam's 300,000 or More MIAs", 300.000 lit s cha xc nh danh tnh l ni trn tr ln, "North Vietnamese Army's 1972 Eastertide Offensive", i tng V Nguyn Gip vi cng tc hu cn qun i, "2021 NAME ADDITIONS AND STATUS CHANGES ON THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL", "US Military Operations: Casualty Breakdown", "Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency Vietnam (PMSEA) Report for CIVILIAN (Unaccounted For)", "Capture Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency Vietnam (PMSEA) Report for CIVILIAN (Accounted For Identified Since 1973)", "Vietnam-era unaccounted for statistical report", "Vietnam Prisoners of War Escapes and Attempts", http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/vietnam/reports/pmsea_escapee.pdf, "Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualty Statistics", "Learning from America's Wars, Past and Present U.S. Battlefield Medicine Has Come a Long Way, from Antietam to Iraq", "African-Americans In Combat | History Detectives | PBS", "Vietnam War Bomb Explodes Killing Four Children", Vietnam: Report Details Unexploded Ordnance, "Vietnam War Bombs Still Killing People 40 Years Later", "U.S. in first effort to clean up Agent Orange in Vietnam", "U.S. starts its first Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam", "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia", "KOREA military army official statistics, AUG 28, 2005", "Australian servicemen listed as missing in action in Vietnam", https://books.google.com/books?id=qh5lffww-KsC&lpg=PA53&dq=the%20encyclopedia%20of%20the%20vietnam%20war%20page%2064&pg=PA176&output=embed, "POW Remembers McCain and Tapping Through Walls in Hanoi Prison", "New Zealand Rolls Of Honour By Conflict", "Overview of the war in Vietnam | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "America Wasn't the only Foreign Power in the Vietnam War", "Vietnam Reds to hold 17 From Taiwan as Spies", "Nhng chuyn gia qun s Lin X trong khng chin chng M", Vietnamese Casualties During the American war, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnam_War_casualties&oldid=1150336025, includes an estimated 50,000/65,000/70,000 civilians killed by U.S/SVN bombing/shelling, includes 360,000/391,000/720,000 civilians, 25,000/50,000/75,000 killed in North Vietnam, 106,000/164,000/227,000 killed in South Vietnam. [29] American bombing in Cambodia is estimated to have killed between 30,000 and 150,000 civilians and combatants. People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces attacked a U.S. 23rd Infantry Division night defensive position near c Ph Base Camp.In the four hour battle 29 PAVN and seven U.S. soldiers were killed. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Some common names appear on the Memorial more than once. Quantico, VA 22134. From refugee camps in Southeast Asia, the great majority of boat people were resettled in more developed countries.
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