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If you see substantial portions of this No one really knows the extent of the civilian casualties; however, by the 9th day after the bombing, 59 military deaths had been recorded. Once more homeward bound, Mount Katmai was underway from Subic Bay on 12 January 1967, arriving San Francisco on 7 February. When North Vietnam launched its major conventional onslaught against South Vietnam in March and April of 1975, the Navy called on MSC to evacuate friendly Vietnamese troops and civilians from the northern and central regions of the country. The Coast Guard Merchant Marine Detail resolved merchant seaman problems and ensured that these ships moved in and out with as little delay as possible. The ship was laid down on 11 November 1944 by North Carolina Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, N.C.; launched on 6 January 1945, sponsored by Mrs. A. E. DeMaray; and commissioned on 21 July 1945 at Jacksonville, Florida. All 320 men on duty that night were killed instantly. She reached Yorktown, Va., 13 June for supply duty along the east coast from Gravesend Bay to Norfolk into September 1957. ***Our website URL has changed. app. The activated vessels were designed and constructed prior to or during World War II. 39. . USS Firedrake (AE-14) during an underway replenishment with USS Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam circa 1963. ins.dataset.adChannel = cid; A Ship is placed on this list when documentary evidence shows that it fits into a particular . in Action and presumed dead. The Serpens exploded and sank while loading depth charges at Lunga Roads, Guadalcanal, in January 1945. During the same period, GAA vessels made 1,464 voyages and carried over 7.8 million measurement tons or 27 percent of all MSTS cargo carried, from the United States to Southeast Asia. Stores ships provided food and other resources to strengthen Sailors bodies and morale. Naval Warfare. The Army Net Explosive Weight (N.E.W.) Commander, the Pioneer Contender and the Navy's U.S.S. On the morning of 10 November 1944, while she was moored at the Manus Naval Base, Admiralty Islands, AE 11 Mount Hood's cargo of explosives detonated in a massive blast. This list may not reflect recent changes. those named on the Vietnam Memorial, "The Wall." Although MSTS officials assigned the highest shipping priority to military unit movements, followed by shipments of ammunition, refrigerated products, and other types of cargo, delays for vessels involved in military unit movements have also been experienced. var slotId = 'div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-medrectangle-3-0'; 'Spooky' Gunship Operations in the Vietnam War With their flares and their miniguns and cannon, fixed-wing gunships not only illuminated the battlefield, they dominated it as well by Lawrence M. Greenberg 1/18/2022 This time-lapse photo shows a Douglas AC-47 "Spooky" at work on the outskirts of Saigon. US Forces were accused many times of improper port clearance because this equipment was olive drab in color. The T-AKE will replace aging T-AE ammunition ships and T-AFS combat stores ships. The resolution of these difficulties was relatively easy when compared to those faced in Vietnam. Following the armistice, Mount Katmai returned to CONUS for overhaul at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. Ammunition is delivered by slings on ship-to-ship cables, and by helicopters. below 8.0 million pounds is critical for both anchorage and portside download vice in-stream discharge. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. and a flotilla of 26 Vietnam Navy ships . The location and situation at Diego Garcia affords the opportunity to exceed normal port anchorage restrictions. tossed at the ship by terrorists. That ordnance was being picked up by 2004. In August 1966 USNS Patch and Darby carried troops 12,500 a Front." role during the action. Service was established in 1949 to provide sea transportation to the military var slotId = 'div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-medrectangle-3-0'; hY,uJ=J1G AMRB=kf6vDfV: 2ODfd{\r.Kvi]% R(K.]l%e2%\C]/s/77_~_}wz7}~;?'l[{_mXz?}{5{G/>.}?b]mSs7g_~7O__}g_}{69J~7IzAo;h3~We{o/^2o>_q5 ?Oy?Wk[?[eEx{'Z. Sources: These procedures were modified for ammunition shipments to Southeast Asia in that MTMTS delegated its traffic management responsibility of port selection to the inventory control points, The control points determined,the quantity of ammunition to be loaded on a ship, the port, and the sailing date. Mount Katmai was decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 14 August 1973. Had the capability existed to routinely offload each ammunition ship as it arrived, the stockage objective could have been maintained to the extent of availability of assets from Continental U.S. almost from the beginning. I love being a Navy Veteran and ammunition ship "survivor." ROGER KORTH When the buildup began, the port continued to operate in this fashion. Free shipping for many products! The explosion was so severe that it caused extensive damage for miles. Returning home in November 1951, she departed again for the Korean war theater in April 1952, again supporting units of TFs 77 and 95. Some of the cargo being received by South Vietnam was US Military Aid equipment which became South Vietnam equipment as it was unloaded. Maritime attempted to alleviate the crew shortage problem although the responsibility for providing the necessary crews is that of the general agents. Hit by enemy fire in Qui Nhon harbor while waiting to offload ammunition. 1967, in an average of 23 days. South Vietnam's small aids-to navigation force with its one buoy tender could not meet the demand. In October 1966, at the peak of the general agency program in support of military activities in Southeast Asia, 172 vessels (161 activated from NDRF) had been assigned to 40 general agents. Kings Pointer, Fall 1982, Merchant Besides ammunition and explosives, she also carried general cargo and some passengers. page on the Internet or in published material please notify usmm.org @ NEW may be expressed in pounds or tons. Detonation velocity of division 1.1 material is approximately 10k to 30k feet per second. 2fLH)` e@f@`H(X$eU=1.9xX030gJs`}iMgG6n H1~] MSTS delivered bulldozers, cranes, Free shipping for many products! The T-AKE class is projected to operate at a yearly savings of $153.3M and a 53% reduction in manning requirements. Marine at War, www.usmm.org, as the source. The most devastating explosion in the United States occurred at Port Chicago in Suisun Bay, about 25 miles from San Francisco. Countless pallets, projectile skids and tops, and ordnance containers received enough damage that they will require maintenance before being re-deployed to another MEU. to take disciplinary action against merchant mariners. ammunition support provided to the combat elements in Vietnam was the result of intensive management at Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and Theater level, and the dedicated efforts of men in ammunition units in the ammunition depots and supply points in Vietnam. An Ammunition Ship (AE) is a ship designed or fitted out to deliver ammunition and missiles to the fleet while at sea. It continued this practice throughout the war. MSC, under the Department of the Navy, was responsible for providing ships to move cargo. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); The using commands submit requisitions for ammunition to their respective inventory control points, which, in turn, notify MTMTS of the need for shipping space. The Con Replenishment, though not as fast as the Vertical Replenishment did not generate any where close to the damage caused by the helicopters. Bryan, another merchant ship, had just returned from her first voyage and was loading across the platform from Quinault Victory. Casualty list of 56 dead or After shakedown and fitting out, Mount Katmai reported to Commander Service Force Atlantic Fleet on 8 September 1945. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 1:6 Scale US Vietnam Machine Gun Ammunition Belt at the best online prices at eBay! This list may not reflect recent changes. For example, a military 1000-pound bomb might weigh 1000 pounds, but it contains only 385 pounds of explosive material. A collision was now inevitable. Center, Department of the Navy, 1994 The Mediterranean Sea region is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading of ammunition. She got underway for the Far East in May 1954 for a six-month tour, the first of nine WestPac deployments in the following decade, in which she alternated service on the west coast with operations in the Far East. On January 1, 1969, the Command was operating 144 Reserve Fleet ships and had 130 break-bulk cargo ships under charter, the latter group representing an estimated 1.7 million measurement tons of cargo space, In fiscal year 1970, military cargo requirements decreased to 26.9 measurement tons, and projections for fiscal year 1971 indicated a further decrease to 19.5 million measurement tons. Coordination of military cargo unloading and port clearance was handled by the Navy's Headquarters Support Activity Saigon. The Military Sea Transportation The effects of N.E.W. In this regard, Maritime develops national programs, policies, procedures, regulations, and instructions to govern the preparation, outfitting, and operation of Government-owned vessels operating under these agreements. Airlift was used to move the great majority of troops and priority cargo, which accounted for only a small part of the total tonnage moved. Many types of vessels sailed in the MSTS fleet, including aircraft ferries, a helicopter repair ship, standard cargo hulls, ships that carried cargo stowed in easily handled containers, roll-on/roll-off ships that could swiftly load and unload vehicles, tankers able to hold between 30,000 and 190,000 barrels of fuel, troop transports, tank landing ships, tugs, and barges. In February and March of 1968, receipts exceeded 100,000 short tons per month. On the basis of vessel operating costs of from $2,700 to $3,500 a day, exclusive of fuel costs 9 we estimate that over $7 million in additional operating costs were incurred due to these delays of up to 36 days. . After overhaul in Mare Island Naval Shipyard until 19 July, and type training, the ammunition ship was ready to sail west again. North Vietnam. In 2006, the U.S. Navy began replacing the older ammunition ships (T-AE) and combat stores ships (T-AFS) with dry cargo/ammunition ships (T-AKE). USS Okinawa (LPH-3) Landing Platform Helictoper / Amphibious Assault Ship. There were 12 men on the team only 3 (including Jim) survived. ships out of the National Defense Reserve Fleet (mothball fleet), LST-353, while loading mortar ammunition in preparation for the Saipan operation, burst into flame and exploded with a series of great roars that were heard all over the island and far out to sea. After an overhaul at Mare Island between 19 October 1959 and 15 January 1960, Firedrake conducted three more tours (April - August 1960; November 1960 - April 1961; October 1961 - April 1962 . Operating out of Subic, Mount Katmai provided logistical support to the operating forces until late November. var ins = document.createElement('ins'); The AE 11 Mount Hood was a merchant acquired by USN on 28 January 1944 and converted to ammunition ship. Ammunition ships of the United States Navy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ammunition_ships_of_the_United_States_Navy&oldid=588133497, Auxiliary ships of the United States Navy, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 December 2013, at 23:28. In 1965, US Coast Guard Repeated efforts to get South Vietnam to clear the piers were unsuccessful. Most of this ammunition was shipped to Southeast Asia. more. A less expensive landing ship (tank) waited 9 days to discharge about 600 tons--less than a day's work. However, Korean troops were transported by MSTS throughout the W. I. Causey in command.. Kilauea's dangerous, difficult, and vital service during World War II was to carry ammunition to ships . Located in: Stanhope, New Jersey, United States. Two attacks, carried out by Junkers Ju. Between mid-1965 and late 1966, cargo continued to move primarily by ship. On the night of 9-10 July 1943, an Allied armada of 2,590 vessels launched one of the largest combined operations of World War II- the invasion of Sicily. Unfortunately, after the collision, a fire started, and the crewmen tried to put it out rather than scuttle the ship. You may not use more than Vietnam War auxiliary ships of the United States, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Vietnam_War_auxiliary_ships_of_the_United_States&oldid=957438342, Auxiliary ships of the United States by period, Vietnam War naval ships of the United States, Template Category TOC via CatAutoTOC on category with 101200 pages, CatAutoTOC generates standard Category TOC, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 18 May 2020, at 21:15. lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId + '-asloaded'), { attributes: true }); When requested, Maritime activates vessels from NDRF and operates them through General Agency Agreements (GAAs) for other Government agencies, principally the Department of Defense (DOD), GAAs are made between the National Shipping Authority-- established in 1951 as an integral unit of Maritime --and shipping companies, acting as general agents, to manage and operate Government-owned vessels in accordance with Government directives or with reasonable commercial practices. The bomb casing and other non-explosive parts of the device, such as guidance components, etc, account for the remainder of the weight. The following 124 pages are in this category, out of 124 total. war, with the first 2,000 coming on the MSTS Mann in March 1965. The Mont Blanc's captain attempted to minimize the potential of his cargo exploding by maneuvering his ship so that the forward hold, containing no TNT, would be struck. In the 1960s NDRF sites were located in the States of Alabama, California, New York, Texas, Virginia, and Washington.var cid = '8870188826'; aboard these ships is in excess of 13 million pounds. %%EOF In addition to providing aircraft ordnance for airstrikes against North Vietnam, the ship also provided ammunition for ships engaged in support and interdiction shore fire missions along the entire Vietnamese coast. Only two men of the 198 Coast Guardsmen aboard survived. Six mariner volunteers from the USNS Greenville Victory While this maximized the use of ship bottoms, it created difficulties in Vietnam, because offloading by cargo nets and hooks was required and ammunition lot integrity had to be re-established within the depots. two thirds of U.S. troops to Vietnam; later, most American troops traveled Continue with Recommended Cookies. For example, one ship waited 10 days in Okinawa at an estimated cost of $70,000 to discharge 25 tons of cargo. In April 1967, the first deep draft vessel was discharged at the Newport facility. endstream endobj startxref We carried a total of 1,200 rounds per gun team. The blast was so intense that other ships in the harbor lost most of their crews and freight cars were blown two miles inland. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. ins.className = 'adsbygoogle ezasloaded'; var pid = 'ca-pub-1080079977389268'; lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId + '-asloaded'), { attributes: true }); The term "net explosive weight (NEW)" refers to the weight of ONLY the explosive material in a given load, device, or article. On 5 July she was underway for Yankee Station, to rearm carriers and their escorts. During underway replenishment, ships transferred fuel or supplies by shooting lines across to other ships while maintaining speed and course. In addition to these GAA vessels, privately owned commercial vessels carried 19.3 million tons, or 66 percent of the total, and the MSTS-owned fleet carried another 1.9 million tons, or 7 percent. 884 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<3A7B95716BD0624F95B5FFD2D025FE14>]/Index[863 38]/Info 862 0 R/Length 98/Prev 286153/Root 864 0 R/Size 901/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream The first Pyro (AE-1), an ammunition ship, was laid down 9 August 1918 at the Navv Yard, Puget Sound, Wash.; launched 16 December 1919; as "Ammunition Ship #1". Operations successfully conducted have thus far been limited to USAF ammo prepo ships with N.E.W. customers to serve: the Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps. US Army cargo was unloaded by Vietnamese civilian stevedores at berths assigned by the civilian port authority. See details for shipping. var alS = 1021 % 1000; Hence, the total NEW of 5 such "1000 pound" bombs would be 1925 pounds. their country. Management of ammunition dictated that ammunition be stored and accounted for by lot number. MTMTS selects the port, requests a ship from MSC, and provides shipping activities with instructions regarding the port of departure from CONUS, the mode and routes to use when shipping to the port, and the day the shipments shmld start arriving at the port. ins.style.minWidth = container.attributes.ezaw.value + 'px'; Personnel casualties on Mount Hood and on other vessels totalled 45 known dead, 327 missing and 371 injured. 0 The General Agency Agreement Victory ships were retired from service in April 1970 because (1) DOD lift requirements were reduced and (2) the commercial merchant fleet had ships available in sufficient quantities to satisfy projected DOD lift requirements. Ships from United States. Located in: Oak Harbor, Washington, United States. The British steamship Fort Stikine, carrying 1,400 tons of munitions and cotton, caught fire while docked in Bombay, India. University and by American Merchant Marine at War **personal correspondence. in 1964 by a mine placed by skin divers], Maps and Saigon Pilot's Guide http://grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm. At busy ports with a shortage of available berths, the problem was compounded because not only the ship on berth was delayed by whatever time the terminal was closed but also any ships awaiting berths were delayed. Headquarters Support Activity Saigon never knew from day to day how many berths or which berths would be made available to them for the unloading of U.S. cargo. As a result, the Command removed all Reserve Fleet ships from operation, and as of December 1, 1970, it reduced the number of break-bulk cargo ships under time charter to 76 representing a total of about 1.1 million measurement tons.